Title
Bio-Based Flame-Retardant Systems for Polymers Obtained via Michael 1,4-Addition
Authors
[ 1 ] Instytut Technologii Materiałów, Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej, Politechnika Poznańska | [ 2 ] Instytut Technologii Mechanicznej, Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej, Politechnika Poznańska | [ P ] employee
Scientific discipline (Law 2.0)
Year of publication
2025
Article type
scientific article
Publication language
english
Keywords
EN
- plant fillers
- chemical composition
- intumescent flame retardant
- thermal properties
- flammability
Abstract
EN Phosphorus flame retardants react with cellulose hydroxyl groups via esterification, enhancing the effectiveness of char formation, which is beneficial in terms of the search for bio-sourced flame retardants. The current work assessed the flammability of a new polymer synthesized by Michael 1,4-addition (rP) and modified with developed intumescent flame retardant systems (FRs), in which lignocellulose components, such as sunflower husk (SH) and peanut shells (PS), replaced a part of the synthetic ones. The thermal and thermomechanical properties of the rP, with 20 wt.% each from six FRs, were determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). Moreover, the flammability and evolved gas were studied with pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) and thermogravimetric analysis connected with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy tests (TGA/FT-IR). The effects were compared to those achieved for unmodified rP and a polymer with a commercially available intumescent flame retardant (IFR). The notable improvement, especially in terms of the heat release rate and heat release capacity, indicates that the system with melamine phosphate (MP) and peanut shells (PS) can be used to decrease the flammability of new polymers. An extensive analysis of the composition and geometry of the ground shells and husk particles preceded the research.
Date of online publication
11.06.2025
Pages (from - to)
2556-1 - 2556-23
Comments
Article Number: 2556
License type
CC BY (attribution alone)
Open Access Mode
open journal
Open Access Text Version
final published version
Date of Open Access to the publication
at the time of publication
Ministry points / journal
140
Impact Factor
4,6 [List 2024]
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