Tribological Performance of Bronze Engineering Materials with Environmentally Friendly Lubricants Under Starved Lubrication Conditions

Marcin Kowalski; Kasper Górny; Szymon Bernat; Arkadiusz Stachowiak; Jacek Wernik; Wiesław Zwierzycki

doi:10.3390/ma18143283

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Title

Tribological Performance of Bronze Engineering Materials with Environmentally Friendly Lubricants Under Starved Lubrication Conditions

Authors

Marcin Kowalski
Kasper Górny (WILiT) ^{[ 1 ][ 2.7 ][ P ]}
Szymon Bernat
Arkadiusz Stachowiak (WILiT) ^{[ 1 ][ 2.7 ][ P ]}
Jacek Wernik
Wiesław Zwierzycki (WILiT) ^{[ 1 ][ 2.7 ][ P ]}

^{[ 1 ]} Instytut Maszyn Roboczych i Pojazdów Samochodowych, Wydział Inżynierii Lądowej i Transportu, Politechnika Poznańska | ^{[ P ]} employee

Scientific discipline (Law 2.0)

[2.7] Civil engineering, geodesy and transport

Year of publication

2025

Published in

Materials

Journal year: 2025 | Journal volume: vol. 18 | Journal number: iss. 14

Article type

scientific article

Publication language

english

Keywords

EN

friction coefficient
eco-friendly lubricants
starved lubrication

Abstract

EN This article demonstrated that environmentally friendly lubricants—glycerol–water-based oil (GWB) and rapeseed oil-based oil (RSB)—would provide comparable conditions (wear of node components, friction resistance) in a friction node as a commercial semi-synthetic gear oil (REF). Wear tests were performed on a block-on-ring model friction node stand using GBZ12 (CuSn12), BA1032 (CuAl10Fe3Mn2), and BA1054 (CuAl10Ni5Fe4) bronze samples. Glycerol–water-based oil (GWB) significantly reduced the wear of the samples by several times, compared to semi-synthetic oil (REF) and rapeseed oil-based oil (RSB). The (GWB) oil also provided a stable friction coefficient value at the lowest level of 0.05–0.06. The main disadvantage of the (RSB) oil was the temporary fluctuation of the friction coefficient value (increase above 0.1), which indicated the lack of stability of the boundary layer. The results highlight the potential of (GWB) oil in reducing wear and stabilizing friction under extreme conditions, supporting the shift toward sustainable lubricants in industrial applications.

Date of online publication

11.07.2025

Pages (from - to)

3283-1 - 3283-20

DOI

10.3390/ma18143283

URL

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/18/14/3283

Comments

Article number: 3283

License type

CC BY (attribution alone)