2024

Energies

Journal year: 2024 | Journal volume: vol. 17 | Journal number: iss. 9

scientific article

english

EN Accurate and timely fault detection is crucial for ensuring the smooth operation and longevity of rotating machinery. This study explores the effectiveness of image-based approaches for machine fault diagnosis using data from a 6DOF IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor. Three novel methods are proposed. The IMU6DoF-Time2GrayscaleGrid-CNN method converts the time series sensor data into a single grayscale image, leveraging the efficiency of a grayscale representation and the power of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction. The IMU6DoF-Time2RGBbyType-CNN method utilizes RGB images. The IMU6DoF-Time2RGBbyAxis-CNN method employs an RGB image where each channel corresponds to a specific axis (X, Y, Z) of the sensor data. This axis-aligned representation potentially allows the CNN to learn the relationships between movements along different axes. The performance of all three methods is evaluated through extensive training and testing on a dataset containing various operational states (idle, normal, fault). All methods achieve high accuracy in classifying these states. While the grayscale method offers the fastest training convergence, the RGB-based methods might provide additional insights. The interpretability of the models is also explored using Grad-CAM visualizations. This research demonstrates the potential of image-based approaches with CNNs for robust and interpretable machine fault diagnosis using sensor data.

23.04.2024

1998-1 - 1998-25

10.3390/en17091998

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/9/1998

Article number: 1998

CC BY (attribution alone)

open journal

final published version

at the time of publication

Download file

public

140

3 [List 2023]